Publication Ethics

Ethical Responsibilities of Authors

●━━━━━━━

Authors submitting manuscripts to the journal are expected to:

• Submit original and unpublished work.
• Ensure that the manuscript is not under consideration elsewhere.
• Accurately present research, arguments and findings.
• Properly acknowledge all sources and contributions.
• Disclose relevant conflicts of interest.
• Take responsibility for the integrity and accuracy of the submission.

Ethical Responsibilities of Editors

●━━━━━━━

Editors are responsible for:

• Making decisions based on academic merit, originality and relevance.
• Ensuring fair, unbiased and impartial editorial treatment.
• Maintaining confidentiality of submissions and related communications.
• Avoiding and disclosing conflicts of interest.
• Upholding editorial independence.
• Avoiding discrimination and improper influence in editorial decisions.

Editorial decisions are made independently of commercial, institutional, or personal considerations.

Ethical Responsibilities of Reviewers

●━━━━━━━

Reviewers are expected to:

• Provide objective, constructive and timely reviews.
• Maintain confidentiality of manuscripts and review discussions.
• Declare any conflicts of interest.
• Refrain from using unpublished information for personal advantage.
• Provide feedback that is respectful, scholarly and evidence-based.

Research Integrity and Misconduct

●━━━━━━━

The journal considers plagiarism, self-plagiarism, fabrication, falsification, duplicate publication, and other serious forms of research or publication misconduct to be ethical violations. Allegations of misconduct may be assessed in accordance with the journal’s applicable policies and, where appropriate, referred to the relevant institution or competent authority.

Conflicts of Interest

●━━━━━━━

Authors, editors, and reviewers should disclose financial, institutional, personal, or other relationships that could reasonably influence their work or decisions. Identified conflicts are managed transparently to preserve editorial objectivity and integrity.

Corrections, Retractions and Expressions of Concern

●━━━━━━━

Published errors may require correction. Where serious concerns about the reliability or ethics of a published work arise, a retraction or an Expression of Concern may be issued. Such actions are taken to preserve the accuracy and integrity of the scholarly record.

Confidentiality and Responsible Handling

●━━━━━━━

Manuscripts, reviewer reports, and editorial communications are treated as confidential and used only for legitimate editorial and publication purposes. Personal information is handled in accordance with applicable privacy and data-protection principles.

Use of Artificial Intelligence

●━━━━━━━

Limited use of AI tools for language or technical assistance may be permitted; however, AI-generated substantive content or manuscripts are not acceptable. Authors remain fully responsible for the originality, accuracy, and integrity of their submissions.

Complaints and Appeals

●━━━━━━━

The journal provides an appropriate mechanism for addressing complaints and appeals concerning editorial and publication matters.

Commitment to Ethical Publishing

●━━━━━━━

Juris Spectrum is committed to maintaining high standards of ethical research, responsible scholarship, and transparent and fair publication practices. The journal may review and update its ethical policies in light of evolving standards and best practices in scholarly publishing.